General Index to Sozomen's Ecceliastical History

GENERAL INDEX TO SOZOMEN'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

1 Aadas, a presbyter, 391.

2 Abbos, a monk of Syria, 370.

3 Abdaleus, a Syrian monk, 370.

4 Abdas, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

5 Abdiesus, a Persian deacon and martyr, 267.

6 Abedechalaas, a Persian presbyter and martyr, 266.

7 Abraham, 239; theophany, 261.

8 Abramius, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

9 Acacians, 319; confirm formulary read at Ariminum, 319; depose Aetius and others, 320; development of their heresy, 324.

10 Acacius, bishop of Berea, 380; saintly character, 396; sent by Chrysostom an embassy to Rome, 400; becomes enemy of Chrysostom, 412.

11 Acacius, succeeds Eusebius as bishop of Cæsarea, 284, 294; participates in second council of Antioch, 285; deposed by Western bishops, 290; favors Aetian doctrines, 311; ejects Maximus, 315; deposed by council of Seleucia, 318; attends council of Antioch, 348.

12 Acacius, bishop of Tyre, Eunomian, 308.

13 Acacius, the martyr, church of, 198, 316.

14 Acepsimus, a Persian bishop, martyrdom of, under Sapor, 267.

15 Acesius, bishop of Novatians, repels Constantine's overtures, 256.

16 Achillas, presbyter of Alexandria, accepts doctrines of Arius, 251.

17 Æsculapius, temple of, destroyed, 262.

18 Aetianism, see Eunomianism.

19 Aetius, deacon at Antioch, 295, 298; doctrines, 307; recalled by Julian, 330.

20 Africanus, the historian, 240.

21 Agapius, Arian bishop of Ephesus, 388.

22 Agas, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

23 Agdelas, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

24 Agelius, Novatian bishop of Constantinople, 352; banished, but recalled, 352; takes no part in Paschal schism, 361; makes Sisinius his deputy, 382; death, 384.

25 Aithalas, Persian martyr, 267.

26 Aithals, Arian presbyter of Alexandria, 251.

27 Ajax, a monk of Majuma, 396.

28 Alaphion, 191; his family position and his life, 192; possessed by a demon, exorcised by Hilarion, became a Christian, 192, 233, 293.

29 Alaric, 197; rebukes luxury of Romans, 204; made a general through influence of Stilicho, 415, 421; plots with Stilicho, 415, 421; besieges Rome, 422; raises the siege, 423; again threatens the city, and takes it, 423; is made general, 423; makes Attalus king, 423; permits sack of Rome, 424.

30 Alavicus, a traitorous general of Honorius, 425.

31 Alexander, bishop of Alexandria, 204, 241; ejects Arius, after wavering in opinion, 251; attends Nicene council, 253; death, 269.

32 Alexander of Constantinople, overcomes opponent in argument by a miracle, 254; refuses to receive Arius into communion, 279, 280; death, succeeded by Paul, 284.

33 Alexion, Palestinian monk, 293.

34 Allegory, in interpreting Scripture, 205, 206.

35 Ambrose, 193, 209, 211; when governor, elevated to bishopric of Milan, 361; persecuted by Justina, 384; reproaches Theodosius, 394; obtains favor from Gratian, 394; orders deposition of Gerontius of Nicomedia, but is disobeyed, 403.

36 Ammon, the Egyptian, 365; becomes an ascetic, is carried across a brook by a miracle, miracle at his death, 250; character, 368.

37 Ammonius, a Palestinian monk, 370; successful appeal to Epiphanius for himself and the Long Brothers, 408; death, 410.

38 Amphilochius, rebukes Theodosius, 379; bishop of Iconium, 382.

39 Amphion, bishop of Epiphania, 246.

40 Amphion, becomes bishop of Nicomedia, 256; expelled by Eusebius, 268.

41 Analytical criticism of Sozomen, 227.

42 Anannias, a Persian martyr, 266.

43 Anastasia, daughter of Valens, 352.

44 Anastasius, bishop of Rome, 415; succeeded by Innocent, 415.

45 Andragathias, philosopher, instructor of Chrysostom, 399.

46 Andrathagius, secures death of Gratian, 384; death, 385.

47 Anomianism, see Eunomianism.

48 Anomians, 324.

49 Anthedon, maritime city of Palestine, 332.

50 Anthedonius, Palestinian monk, 293.

51 Anthemius, 196; influential, 197.

52 Anthropomorphism, see Corporeality.

53 Anthropomorphists, 206.

54 Antiochus, bishop of Ptolemias in Syria, 405.

55 Antiphonal singing, origin among the Arians, 404.

56 Antony the Great, an Egyptian monk, practices asceticism; his mode of life, 249; sees spirit of Ammon at latter's death, 250; visits Alexander, 270; seeks in vain recall of Athanasius, 280; maintains Nicene doctrine, 291; visited by Hilarion, 293; praises Didymus, 295; dream of, 349.

57 Anuph, Egyptian monk, 292.

58 Aones, monk of Syria, 370.

59 Apelles, an Egyptian ascetic, 365.

60 Aphrodite, temple and image of, on Mt. Calvary, 258; descent from Lebanon, 262.

61 Apocalypse, of Paul, 214; 390; tradition of its discovery, 390.

62 Apocalypse of Peter, 390.

63 Apolinarianism, opposed by Sozomen, 206; christology, 209; condemned by a council held at Rome, 262; geographical distribution, 364.

64 Apolinarius, bishop of Hierapolis, 340.

65 Apolinarius, bishop of Laodicea, 207; doctrine of, concerning the Holy Ghost, 359, 361; friendship for Athanasius, 362.

66 Apolinarius the Syrian, 269; learning and works, 340.

67 Apollo, statue of, destroyed at Daphne, 262; and temple, 342.

68 Apollonius, an Egyptian ascetic, 292.

69 Apollonius, another ascetic, 366.

70 Apollos, a monk of Thebais, 366.

71 Apostles, church of, at Constantinople, 198.

72 Apostolic succession, 217, 398.

73 Aquilinus, friend of Sozomen, 199; miraculously cured, 260.

74 Arcadius, Emperor of the West, succeeds Theodosius, 398; death, succeeded by Theodosius the Younger, 419.

75 Argo, the, 234.

76 Argobastes, 392; suicide, 393.

77 Argonauts, 234, 243.

78 Arian Goths, martyrs, 210.

79 Arianism, opposed by Sozomen, 206; divisions of, 217, 387; origin, 251; doctrines of, 251; re-agitated, 272; dispute not ended by death of Arius, 280; revival of, 281; again at death of Constantine, 283; defended by Acacians, 323; favored by Justina, 384.

80 Arians, inclined to liberal culture, 195; assert conspiracy to elect as bishop of Alexandria, 269; plot against Athanasius, 270; unite with the Melitians, 271; views of, 272; excite seditions on return of Athanasius, 284; secure expulsion of Paul from Constantinople, 284; successes of, 286; bishops displaced by Athanasius, 299; renew attacks on him, 304; persecute opponents, 322; translate Melitius to Antioch, 323; expel him thence, 322; persecute orthodox under Valens, 351-358; geographical distribution, 358; attempt to gain Theodosius, 379; divisions among, 388; disorderly conduct in Constantinople causes their repression, 404; disappointed in hopes of restoration under Attalus, 424.

81 Arius, 240; a presbyter of Alexandria, ordained deacon, defends Melitians, asserts his doctrines, 251; his following numerous, 251; appeal to bishops against Alexander, 252; gains a point with Paulinus, Eusebius, and Patrophilus, 252; summoned before bishops at Nicæa, 253; appears before the council, 254; loses his case and is banished, 255, and excommunicated, 255; recalled from exile, but forbidden to enter Alexandria, 268; submits, with Euzoius, statement of belief, and is reinstated, 277; but not received by bishop of Alexandria, 279; manner of death, 279.

82 Armenians, conversion of, 264.

83 Arsacius, bishop of Constantinople, 196; replaces Chrysostom, 413; personal character, 413; death, 417.

84 Arsacius, king of Armenia, 346.

85 Arsacius, pagan priest of Galatia, 338.

86 Arsacius, the Persian, 213; foretells earthquake at Nicomedia, 310; performs miracles, 311; death, 311.

87 Arsenius, 273, 275.

88 Arsion, monk of Scetis, 368.

89 Arsisius, an ascetic, 291, 368.

90 Ascalon, 233.

91 Ascetics, mode of life, 291, 293.

92 Ascholius, bishop of Thessalonica, 378; attends council of Constantinople, 380.

93 Asclepas, bishop of Gaza, 287; exiled, but recalled, 300.

94 Asphalius, Eunomian presbyter of Antioch, 308.

95 Asterius, general of the East under Honorius, 400.

96 Asterius, a sophist, 282; deposed, goes to Rome, 282.

97 Ataulphus, brother-in-law of Alaric, 423.

98 Athanaric, a Gothic leader, 210, 373; persecutes Christians, 374.

99 Athanasius the Great, bishop of Alexandria, 204; as deacon attends Nicene council, 253; becomes bishop on death of Alexander, 269; secretly ordained, 269; character, 269; baptized children when a child, 269; traduced by Arians before Constantine, 272; proves his innocence, is commended by the emperor, 273; is again assailed in vain, 273; again assailed, refuses to attend council of Cæsarea, 275; appears before council of Tyre, the charges, 275; is deposed, 276; appeals to Constantine, 278; who exiles him to Treves, 279; relates circumstances of death of Arius, 279; recalled to Alexandria by Constantine, 283; again deposed by council of Antioch, 285; escapes from Alexandria and flees to Rome, 286; received kindly there, 287; reinstated, 288; again ejected, 288; summoned to Rome by Julius, 288; affirms Nicene doctrine, 291; recalled by influence of Constans, 298; favors Eustathians, 299; displaces the Arian bishops, 299; commended by Synod of Jerusalem, 300; again deposed by Constantius, 301; again attacked by Arians, 304; condemned by council of Milan, 305; flees, 306; reappears after seven years' concealment, 330; attends council of Alexandria, 335; banished by Julian, 336; restored by Jovian, 349; flees again to escape Valens, 354; returns by Valens' permission, 354; death, 357; held consubstantiality of the Holy Ghost, 359.

100 Athanasius, bishop of Ancyra, 348; attends council of Tyana, 353.

101 Athanasius the historian, a source of Sozomen's history, 222.

102 Attalus, made king by Alaric, 423; acts haughtily toward Honorius, 424; abdicates and leaves Rome, 424; baptized by Sigesarius, bishop of the Goths, 424.

103 Atticus, bishop of Constantinople, 196, 213; character and tendencies, 417.

104 Aurelius, Palestinian monk, 293.

105 Auxentius, bishop of Milan, an Arian, 291, 294, 312, 313, 361; condemned by council of Rome, 360; death, 361.

106 Auxentius, son of Addas, a presbyter, 391.

107 Azadanes, a Persian martyr, 267.

108 Azades, a Persian martyr, 266.

109 Azizus, a monk of Syria, 370.

110 Babylas, martyr of Antioch, 341.

111 Baptism, and the Catholic Church, 207; Eunomian doctrine of, 207, 363.

112 Barbasymes, Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

113 Bardasanes, 295.

114 Barges, Syrian monk, 370.

115 Barses, Syrian monk and honorary bishop, 371.

116 Basil the Great, limited use by Sozomen, 223; praise of Ephraem Syrus, 295.

117 Basil, bishop of Ancyra, repudiated by Western bishops, 290, 294; again acquires bishopric, 301; refutes Photinus at council of Sirmium, 303; opposes Eudoxus, 308; advises council at Nicæa, 311; deposed by Acacians, 320; charges against him, 320; martyrdom, 334.

118 Basil, bishop of Cæsarea, 355; miraculous powers, 356; friendship for Gregory, 356; opposes Arianism, 356; doctrine of, concerning Holy Ghost, 359.

119 Basiliscus, martyr, appears to Chrysostom, 202, 418.

120 Battheus, Syrian monk, 370, 371.

121 Benjamin, ascetic philosopher, 366.

122 Benus, an Egyptian ascetic, 365.

123 Berytus, 196; law school at, 234 n.

124 Bethelia, 191; population mixed, 192; and large, with stately churches, 233; in biography, 198, 370.

125 Bibliography of Sozomen, 225- 231.

126 Bochres, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

127 Breviary (or epitome) of ecclesiastical affairs by Sozomen, lost, 200, 234.

128 Busiris, a Galatian martyr, 334.

129 Buthericus, a general, 394.

130 Byzantium, 251.

131 Cæsarea, reduced by Julian from rank of a city, 329.

132 Cæsarius, and tomb of forty martyrs, 420.

133 Calemerus, finds relics of prophet Zechariah, 427.

134 Callinicus, bishop of Pellusium, 275.

135 Callicinus, a Melitian bishop and accuser of Athanasius, 275.

136 Carosa, daughter of Valens, 352.

137 Carpones, presbyter, an Arian of Alexandria, 251.

138 Carterius, philosopher, instructor of Chrysostom, 399.

139 Cassianus, a deacon, 416.

140 Catholic Church the orthodox church, 205; unity of, 258; unites with Novatians in Constantinople, 316; persecution under Valens, 357.

141 Cecropius, bishop of Nicomedia, killed in earthquake, 310.

142 Celibacy, favored by Constantine, 245; not enforced by council of Nicæa, 256.

143 Celts, christianization of, 262.

144 Cenobite, community at Tabenna, 292.

145 Chalcedon, church in, 199.

146 Chrestus, becomes bishop of Nicæa, 256; expelled, 268.

147 Christ, sufferings typified by Isaac, coming predicted by Jacob, miraculous conception, so-called by Josephus, 239; appears to Constantine, 241; name of, casts out demons, 262.

148 Christianity, spread of, under Constantine, 261, 262.

149 Chrysostom, 196, 399; method of interpreting Scripture, 206; personal character, 399; dissuades Theodore of Mopsuestia from marriage, 399; elected bishop of Constantinople, 400; opposed by Theophilus in vain, 400; purifies the clergy, 400; strives to re-unite the churches of the West and the East, 400; foils plans of Gaïnas, 401; prudence in governing the Church, 402; miracle during his administration, 403; deposes thirteen bishops in Asia, 403; ordains Heraclides bishop of Ephesus, 403; expels Gerontius, bishop of Nicomedia, 403; ordains Pansophius instead, 403; incurs enmity of the clergy, 404; rebukes Olympias for unwise almsgiving, 405; disputes with monk Isaac, 405; expels Severian from Constantinople, 405; is reconciled by the empress, 405; cautiously receives the Egyptian monks, 407; goes to receive Epiphanius, but is repulsed, 408; refuses to expel the "Long Brothers," 409; excites the enmity of the empress, 409; cited to appear at counci of Rufinianæ, 410; declines to do so, and is deposed, 410; withdraws, and a sedition arises against the council, 410; which causes his recall, 411; when he delivers an oration, 411; is more than ever liked by the people, 412; justified by a council of sixty bishops, 411; again offending the empress, is again deposed, 412; is expelled, holds meetings outside the city, 412; attacks on his life, 413; is guarded by the people, 413; exiled to Armenia, 413; cause espoused by Innocent, bishop of Rome, 416; receives letter from Innocent, 417; reputation during his exile, 417; is banished to a remoter place, dies on the way, 418.

150 Church and State, 208; in persecution, 210; united, 244.

151 Churches restored, 245.

152 Cilix, presbyter of Tarsus, 199.

153 Clemens, Alexandrinus, scholarship, 194, 240.

154 Clergy, ascetic character of, in Sozomen's time, 194; exempted from taxation, 246; appeal to bishops from civil courts allowed, 246; support of, 329.

155 Codex Gregorianus, 196; a source of Sozomen's history, 223.

156 Codex Hermogenianus, 196; a source of Sozomen's history, 223.

157 Codex Theodosianus, proclaimed a.d. 439, 196; a source of Sozomen's history, 223.

158 Commissioner of penance, origin of office, 386; suppression, 386.

159 Conciliar movement, in West, 217, 312-315; in East, 217, 315-317.

160 Confession of faith, of bishops of the East, 289; three formularies of Council of Sirmium, 303; Valentian formulary, 315; of Ariminum, 322; of Eustathius, etc., 352.

161 Constans, son of Constantine the Great, obtains empire of the West, 284; writes to Constantius in re Athanasius and Paul, 289; receives three bishops and dismisses them, 289; fails to have Athanasius and Paul reinstated, 289; summons Synod of Sardica, 289; threatens brother with war unless Athanasius restored, 298; killed in Gaul, 301.

162 Constans, son of Constantine the Usurper, 425; slain, 427.

163 Constantia, sister of Constantine, advocates restoration of Arius and Euzoius, 277.

164 Constantine the Great, sees vision of cross and of Christ, 241; inquires of priests, who expound the Scriptures, takes cross as his standard, which protects the bearer, 242; charged with murdering son Crispus, 242; but charge untrue, 243; churches flourish under him, 243; conquers Dardanians, 243; overcomes Licinius, becomes sole emperor, makes Christianity state religion, revokes edicts against Christians, pagan worship prohibited, 244; property restored to Christians, 244; conquers Goths and Sarmatians, enjoins observance of Lord's Day, abolishes crucifixion, 245; abolishes law against celibacy, 245; exempts clergy from taxation, allows appeal to bishops from civil courts, 246; grants request of Eutychianus, 251; rebukes Arius and Alexander, 252; is grieved at Paschal controversy, 252; sends Hosius to reconcile differences, 253; convenes council at Nicæa, 253; burns memorials and exhorts to peace, 253; replies to Eusebius' eulogy, 254; attempts to reconcile the Novatians, 256; entertains the council, exhorts to harmony, and writes to the churches, 257; orders church built near Calvary, 258; has bit made out of true nails, 259; erects temples, 259; beautifies Byzantium and changes its name, 260; builds church at Hestiæ, or Michælium, 260; orders church erected under oak of Mamre, 261; orders pagan shrines and idols destroyed and places purified, 261; receives embassy of Iberians, 264; remonstrates with Sapor for persesecuting Christians, 268; hears traducers of Athanasius, 272; but dismisses them, 273; convenes council of Cæsarea, 275; orders consecration of the Great Martyrium at Jerusalem, 276; is persuaded by Constantia to restore Arius and Euzoius, 277; writes letter to Synod of Tyre, 278; exiles Athanasius to Treves, 279; refuses to recall him, 280; exiles John, the Melitian bishop, 280; enacts law against heresies, 280; baptism, death, and character, 282; charges Constantius to call council regarding homoiousios, 298; body removed by Macedonius, 316.

165 Constantine, son of Constantine the Great, death of, at Aquileia, 284.

166 Constantine, proclaimed emperor by soldiers, 425; sends son Constans into Spain, 427; proclaims him emperor, 427; killed, 427.

167 Constantine, a city of Phœnicia, 262.

168 Constantinople, churches in, 199.

169 Constantius, father of Constantine the Great, 205; protects Christians, 243; tests the faithful, 243.

170 Constantius, son and successor of Constantine, recalls Athanasius, 283; letter to church of Alexandria, 283; obtains empire of the East, 284; goes to Antioch of Syria, 285; adopts the term "homoiousios," 297; convenes council of Ariminum, 298; restores Athanasius, 298; commends him to bishops of Egypt, 299; overcomes Vetranius, 302; and Maxentius, 304; goes to Rome, attempts to force homoiousios on church, 304; banishes Liberius, 307; condemns Eudoxius and the Aetians, 309; convenes council at Nicæa, 311; goes to Ariminum, council meets there, 312; permits another at Seleucia, 312; slights deputies from council of Ariminum, 314; appoints Julian, Cæsar, 316; death, 325.

171 Constantius, a general of Honorius, 426, 427.

172 Consubstantiality of Son, broached, 251; defended by Alexander of Alexandria against Arius, 251; becomes the faith of the church, 255; dispute over meaning of word, 270; evaded by partisans of Eusebius of Nicomedia, 285; affirmed by the West, 291; homoousios and homoiousios, 297; debated at Sirmium, 303; and at Seleucia, 317; and at Ariminum, 319; attacked anew by Acacians, 323; Macedonian acceptation of the term, 336; Nicene statement affirmed by council of Antioch, 348; accepted by Macedonian bishops, 352; afterwards rejected by them, 377.

173 Copres, an Egyptian monk, 365.

174 Corporeality of God, question raised in Egypt, 406.

175 Council of Alexandria, 209; reaffirms Nicene doctrines, 335. Antioch, 207; deposes Eustathius, 270; ordains Euphronius bishop, 271; second council, 285; deposes Athanasius, ordains Gregory, 285. Antioch in Syria, 348; reaffirms Nicene faith, 348; letter to Jovian, 348. Ariminum, convened, 298; cause, 298; second council, convened, 312; rejects Aetian doctrines, 313; sends report to Constantius, 313; confirming Nicene doctrines, 314. Cæsarea, to try Athanasius, who does not appear, 275. Constantinople, 209; convened by Theodosius, 380; chooses Nectarius bishop of Constantinople, 381; affirms Nicene faith, 381; establishes precedence of Rome, and rank of see of Constantinople, 381. Jerusalem, 299; letter in behalf of Athanasius, 299. Lampsacus, 350; holds Arian doctrines, 350. Milan, deposes and banishes Athanasius, 305. Nicæa, convened, 253; assembled, 254; condemns Arianism, 255; leaves celibacy unenforced, 256; enacts canons, 256. Rome, 360; reaffirms Nicene doctrines, condemns Auxentius of Milan, 360; circular letter of, 360. Rufinianæ, 409; the eighty monks reconciled with Theophilus, 410; cite Chrysostom and clergy of Constantinople to appear, 410; depose Chrysostom, 410; mobbed by the people, 410. Sardica, 209; East separates from West, 289; numbers attending, 290. Seleucia, 316; two formularies offered, 316; reaffirms formulary of council of Antioch, 318; deposes various bishops, 318. Sirmium, convened, 302; deposes Photinus, 303; three formularies of faith, 303. Tyana, 353; reaffirms Nicene doctrines, 353. Tyre, assembles without being convened by the emperor, 275; deposes Athanasius, and declares reasons to Constantine, 276; restores and re-establishes the Melitian bishop, John, 280.

176 Councils, imperial convocation defended, 208.

177 Crispion (also "Chrispion"), archdeacon, a monk of Bethelia, in Palestine, 191, 370; Ephanius' archdeacon, 233; brother of Fuscon and Salamanus, 233, 408.

178 Crispus, son of Constantine, murder of, 242.

179 Cronius, an ascetic, 291; called Cronion, 368.

180 Cross, appearance of, to Constantine, 241; near Jerusalem, 302.

181 Crucifixion, as punishment, abolished, 245.

182 Cyriacus, bishop of Adama, 382.

183 Cyriacus, a deacon, 416.

184 Cyril, bishop of Jerusalem, 294; succeeds Maximus, 302, 315; deposed by Acasians, 321; renounces Macedonian doctrines and attends council of Constantinople, 380; death, 385.

185 Cyrinus, bishop of Chalcedon, abuses Chrysostom at council of Chalcedon, 409; death, 409.

186 Cyrus, of Constantinople, 194.

187 Damasus, bishop of Rome, 359; condemns Apolinarianism, 362; death, 398.

188 Daniel, a Syrian monk, 293.

189 Dansus, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

190 Daphne, at Antioch, 234; customs of, 341; temple and statue of Apollo destroyed, 342.

191 Democritus of Coös, 274.

192 Demophilus, Arian bishop of Constantinople, 354; leader of the Arians, 378; leaves the city, 379; holds service with Lucius outside Constantinople, 379; death, 385.

193 Dianius, bishop of Cappadocian Cæsarea, attends second council of Antioch, 285.

194 Didymus, of Alexandria, 294; character, 295; foresees Julian's death, 347; renown, 358, 368.

195 Didymus, a relative of the Emperor Honorius, 425.

196 Diodorus, bishop of Tarsus, 380, 381; instructor of Chrysostom, 399; avoided allegory in interpretation, 206, 399.

197 Diogenes, deacon, 320.

198 Dionysius, bishop of Alba, 305.

199 Dionysius, a monk of Rhinocorura, 369.

200 Dionysius, temple of, at Alexandria, destroyed, 385.

201 Dioscorus, an Egyptian monk, 365, 368; made bishop of Hermopolis, 406; incurs enmity of Theophilus, 406; retires to Scythopolis, 407; appeals to empress, 407, 410; death, 410.

202 Diospolis, bishopric of, 271.

203 Divination, by wooden tripod, 391.

204 Dominica, wife of Emperor Valens, 377.

205 Donatist, practice regarding the excommunicated, 208.

206 Donatus, bishop of Eurœa, 394; slays a dragon, 395.

207 Dorotheus, Arian bishop of Constantinople, 385; heads one party of the Arians, 388.

208 Dorotheus, bishop of Antioch, succeeds Euzoius, 374.

209 Dorotheus, an ascetic of Thebes, 366.

210 Dracontius, bishop of Pergamos, deposed by Acacians, 320.

211 Easter controversy, 216; Novatian and Sabbatian position, 388.

212 Eastern Christians, 241.

213 Eastern church, and schism of Sardica, 290, 291; mainly Arian, 377.

214 Ecdicius, slayer of Edovicus, 426.

215 Edesius, adventures in India, 274.

216 Edessa, 193, 293; devotion of Christians of, 357.

217 Edicts against Christians revoked, 244.

218 Editions of Sozomen, 225, 226.

219 Edovicus, a general of the usurper Constantine, 426.

220 Egyptian monasticism, 292, 365-369.

221 Eleusius, bishop of Cyzicus, 308; deposed by Acacians, 320; embraces heresy of Macedonius, 322, 336; compelled by Julian to build Novatian church, 330; expelled by Julian, 336; recants before Valens, but repents, 351; attends council of Constantinople, 380.

222 Elias, associate of Patrines, 273.

223 Elias, an Egyptian ascetic, 365.

224 Elpidius, bishop of Satala, deposed by Acacians, 321.

225 Emesa, church of, 297.

226 Empedocles, death of, 274.

227 Encratites, 206, 334.

228 Ephraem Syrus, 216, 293, 370; literary works, 295; personal character, 296.

229 Epiphanies of angels, saints, etc., 202.

230 Epiphanius, bishop of Salamis, controversy with the empress, 191, 408; prophecies of, 213; duped by Theophilus, acts against Chrysostom, 408; is dissuaded from this course by Serapion, 408; meets "Long Brothers" and is reconciled to them, 409; death, 409.

231 Epiphanius, monk of Palestine, 369; afterward bishop of Salamis, 370; liberality and miracles, 395.

232 Epiphanius, the sophist, 362.

233 Episcopal and presbyterial jurisdiction, 390.

234 Erennius, becomes bishop of Jerusalem, 324; is succeeded by Heraclius, 324.

235 Eucherius, son of Stilicho, 421; death, 422.

236 Eudocia, Empress, 194; liberal tendencies, 197.

237 Eudoxia, daughter of Eudocia, liberal tendencies, 197; married Valentinian III., 200; death, 417.

238 Eudoxius, bishop of Germanicia, afterwards of Constantinople, attends second council of Antioch, 285.

239 Eudoxius, Eunomian bishop of Antioch, 308; ejected and condemned by Constantius, 309; and deposed by council of Seleucia, 318; usurps bishopric of Constantinople, 321; opposes Nicene doctrine, 322; gains over Yalens, 351; death, 354.

240 Eudoxus, bishop of Nicæa, 205.

241 Eugenius, bishop of Nicæa, 304.

242 Eugenius, attempts to usurp throne of the West, 392; death, 393.

243 Eulalius, orthodox bishop of Amasia, 377.

244 Eulogius, Egyptian presbyter and monk, 365.

245 Eulogius, Persian monk and honorary bishop, 370.

246 Eunomianism, genesis of, 217, 363; doctrines, 307, 363; prominence and condemnation, 309; favor by Julian, 330; origin, 363; attributed to Aetius by Eunomius, 364; geographical distribution, 364.

247 Eunomians, 207; baptism among, 207, 363; not tolerated by Gratian, 377.

248 Eunomius, 207; Arian bishop of Cyzicus, 351; his heresy not new, 363; acknowledges indebtedness to Aetius, 364; described by Gregory Nazianzen, 364; secedes from Arians, 379; banished by Theodosius, dies, 387, 388.

249 Euphronius, ordained bishop of Antioch, 271; succeeded by Placetus, 285, 298.

250 Euplus, Melitian bishop, 275.

251 Eupsychius, martyr of Cæsarea, 334.

252 Eusebia, guardian of the Forty Martyrs, 420.

253 Eusebius, bishop of Cæsarea, 275; attends council of Tyana, 353; difficulties and reconciliation with Basil, 355; death, 355.

254 Eusebius Emesenus, bishop of Emesa, life, 286, 294.

255 Eusebius of Nicomedia, sides with Arius against Alexander, 252; pretends to repudiate him, 255; is deposed, 256; expels Amphion, 268; endeavors to reinstate Arius, 270; charged by Eustathius with Arianism, 270; again plots to restore Arius, threatens Alexander of Constantinople, 279; death of Arius foils plan, 279; at death of Constantine favors Arianism, 283.

256 Eusebius, bishop of Samosata, 348.

257 Eusebius, bishop of Vercella, 305; returns from exile to council of Alexandria, 335; maintains Nicene doctrines, 335.

258 Eusebius, a eunuch, chamberlain to Constantius, 283; aids Aetians, 312.

259 Eusebius, governor of the court, executed, 330.

260 Eusebius, a martyr of Gaza, 332.

261 Eusebius, one of the "Long Brothers," Egyptian monk, 368.

262 Eusebius Pamphilus, the historian, one source of Sozomen's history, 222; story of Constantine's vision of the cross, 241; sides with Arius against Alexander, 252; attends Nicene council and eulogizes Constantine, 254; after delay, sanctions decision reached, 255; censured concerning the oak of Mamre, 261; recommended for see of Antioch, 270; death, succeeded by Acacius, 284.

263 Eusebius, a Syrian monk, 370.

264 Eustathians, favored by Athanasius, 299; numerous in Antioch, 299; adherents of Nicene doctrines, 323; same as the Catholics, 358.

265 Eustathius, bishop of Berœa, then of Antioch, 241; attends Nicene Council, 253; disputes with Eusebius Pamphilus concerning consubstantiality, 270; deposed by council of Antioch, 270; character, 271.

266 Eustathius, bishop of Sebaste, ascetic, 293; opposes Eudoxius, 308; deposed by Acacians, 320; accepts heresy of Macedonius, 322, 336; goes to Rome, adopts Nicene doctrine, 352; exiled by Valens, 355.

267 Eutropia, mother-in-law of Constantine, 261.

268 Eutropius, a eunuch, 392; becomes consul, 403; refuses refuge of churches to fugitives, falls victim to his own order, 404.

269 Eutropius, a reader of Alexandria, 414; suffers death, 414.

270 Eutychean heresy, 201, 387.

271 Eutychianus, a Novatian of Bithynia, performs a miracle, 251.

272 Eutychus, a Eunomian, doctrine of, 387.

273 Euzoius, deacon of Alexandria, becomes an Arian, 251; having been deposed, is reinstated in company with Arius, 277; stirs up dissension, 335; as bishop of Antioch, opposes Athanasius, 349; seizes Peter of Alexandria, 357; death, 374; succeeded by Dorotheus, 374.

274 Evagrius, archdeacon of Constantinople, 369; becomes an ascetic, 369.

275 Evagrius, bishop of Antioch, 385; death, 401.

276 Evagrius, orthodox bishop of Constantinople, 354; exiled by Valens, 355.

277 Evagrius, the historian, 191.

278 Exucontians, 324.

279 Fatherhood of God, Arian discussion concerning, 388.

280 Fathers' creed final, 205.

281 Felix, bishop of Rome, 204; adheres to Nicene faith, 307.

282 Flacilla, wife of Theodosius, holds Nicene faith, 379.

283 Flavian, pagan and pæetorian prefect, 392.

284 Flavian, presbyter, afterwards bishop of Antioch, 362, 382, 398; appeases wrath of Theodosius, 393: dispute with bishop of Rome, 400; succeeded by Porphyry, 415.

285 Flavita, barbarian general in Roman army, defeats Gaïnas, becomes consul, 402.

286 Forty Martyrs, discovery of remains, 196; prior to a.d. 439, 201; story of discovery, 420; description of the tomb, 421.

287 Frumentius, missionary to India, youthful adventures of, and subsequent ordination as bishop of India, 274.

288 Gaddanus, a Syrian monk, 370.

289 Gaddiabes, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

290 Gainas, an Arian, 197, 205.

291 Gaïnas, a Goth, attempts to seize the throne, 401; lays aside pretensions and is made general, 401; espouses Arian cause, is foiled by Chrysostom, 401; attempts to cross to Asia and perishes, 402.

292 Galileans, a name of the Christians, 329, 338.

293 Galla Placidia, sister of Honorius, 427.

294 Gallus, 295; made Cæsar, 302; resides at Ephesus, 327; death, 327.

295 Gallienus, 262.

296 Gaudentius, 290.

297 Gauls, christianization of, 262.

298 Gaza, dissension between G. and Majuma, 195, 198; martyrology, 198, 332; Sozomen's grandfather esteemed there, 233.

299 George, bishop of Alexandria, persecutes opponents, 302, 306; attends council of Sirmium, 303; deposed by council of Seleucia, 318; reinstated by Acacians, persecutes pagans and opposing Christians, 324; meets violent death, 331.

300 George, bishop of Laodicea in Syria, 285; deposed by bishops of West, 290; reinstated, opposes Eudoxius of Antioch, 308; ejection of Apolinarius causes Apolinarian heresy, 362.

301 George of Arethusa, nominated for bishopric of Antioch, 271.

302 Germanus, presbyter, 416.

303 Gerontius, a physician, becomes bishop of Nicomedia, 403; deposed by Chrysostom, 403.

304 Gerontius, a traitorous general of Honorius, 426.

305 Gladiatorial shows prohibited, 245.

306 Goths, christianization of the, 262, 373; become Arians, 373; follow the Psathyrians, 388.

307 Gratian, emperor, 209; toleration edict of, 210, 377; associates Theodosius with self in empire, 377.

308 Gratian, proclaimed emperor by soldiers, soon afterwards slain, 425.

309 Gregory, bishop of Alexandria, 285; attends second council of Antioch, 285; repudiated by bishops of the West, 290.

310 Gregory, bishop of Nyssa, 382.

311 Gregory Nazianzen, 193, 199; a source for Sozomen, 223; hated by Julian, 340; attends council of Tyana, 353; becomes bishop of Nazianzus, 356; and of Constantinople, 356; doctrine of, concerning the Holy Ghost, 359; describes Apolinarianism and Eunomianism, 364; leader of orthodox, 378; translated to Constantinople, abdicates, 380.

312 Habakkuk, relics of, discovered, 397.

313 Halas, a Syrian monk, 370, 371.

314 Harmonius, 295, 296.

315 Hegesippus, 240.

316 Helena, mother of Constantine, 204; goes to Jerusalem, seeks true cross, 258; erects temples at Bethlehem and on Mount of Olives, visits churches of the East, is proclaimed empress, dies at age of eighty, 259.

317 Helenopolis in Bithynia, 259.

318 Helenopolis in Palestine, 259.

319 Heliodorus, a Syrian monk, 370.

320 Heliopolis, persecution of Christians in, 333.

321 Helladius, bishop of Cæsarea in Cappadocia, 382; ordains Gerontius, 403.

322 Helladius, deacon of Alexandria, becomes an Arian, 251.

323 Helles, an Egyptian ascetic, 365.

324 Hemona, building of, 234.

325 Heortasius, bishop of Sardis, deposed by Acacians, 320.

326 Heraclean, general under Honorius, 423; causes famine in Rome, 424.

327 Heraclides, Egyptian ascetic, 291, 358.

328 Heraclides, monk of Scetis, ordained bishop of Ephesus, 403.

329 Heraclius, succeeds Erennius as bishop of Jerusalem, 324; is succeeded by Hilarius, 324.

330 Hercules, purified, 243.

331 Hermaeon, a Melitian bishop, 275.

332 Hermias, a common Christian name, 191.

333 Hermogenes, prefect of Syria, 320.

334 Hermopolis, in the Thebais, 343.

335 Herod the Great, 239.

336 Hestiae, called Michaelium, 196, 198; church built by Constantine, 260.

337 Hesychas, Palestinian monk, 293; "Hesycas," 369.

338 Hilarion, life of, 192, 293, 333; exorcises Alaphion, 192, 233; activity in Palestine, a.d. 345, 192, 293; death, 371; burial, 293.

339 Hilarius, bishop of Jerusalem after Heraclius, 324.

340 Hilary of Pictavium, 193, 295; exiled, 3O5.

341 Himerius, sophist of Athens, 356.

342 Historiography of Sozomen, 228.

343 Holy Ghost, doctrine of, two parties, 359.

344 Homoousians, 209, 297, 298.

345 Homoousios and homoiousios, 297, 298.

346 Honoria, daughter of the general Constantius, 427.

347 Honorius, 205; date of death of, a.d. 423, 217; succeeds Theodosius, 398; offers to acknowledge Attalus as co-emperor, 423; rebellions against him, 425; which he overcomes, 427.

348 Hormisdas, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

349 Hosius, bishop of Cordova, 246; sent to settle Paschal controversy, 253; expands Nicene creed, 290.

350 Huns, 398, 415; retreat from Thrace, 422.

351 Hypatian, bishop of Heraclia, 350.

352 Hypostasis, 255, 270, 289, 320, 335, 381.

353 Iberians, of Asia, converted by a slave, assisted by miracles, 263; send ambassadors to Constantine, 264.

354 Impeccability, 386.

355 India, Christianization of, 274.

356 Indifferent canon, 389.

357 Innocent, bishop of Rome, 415; writes Chrysostom, 416.

358 Irene, daughter of Spyridon, wonderful story of, 246.

359 Irenius, bishop of Gaza, 348.

360 Isaac, a Melitian bishop, 275.

361 Isaac, a monk, predicts death of Valens, 376; disputes with Chrysostom, 405.

362 Isaac, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

363 Isaac, a type of sufferings of Christ, 239.

364 Isaiah, 343.

365 Ischurias, a Melitian presbyter, 275.

366 Ischyrion, bishop of Mareotis, appointed by Eastern bishops, 290.

367 Ishmael, father of the Saracens, 375.

368 Isidore, an Egyptian monk, 365.

369 Isidore, a presbyter of Alexandria, 400; sent on embassy to Rome, 400; incurs enmity of Theophilus, 406.

370 Isidore of Pelusium, 191.

371 Jacob, predicted coming of Christ, 239.

372 Jews, the, rejection of Christ, 240; conspire with Magi against Persian Christians, 264, 266; laws regarding slave-holding, 297; granted permission to rebuild the Temple, 343; repulsed by fire issuing from the earth, 398.

373 Johannists, or Johnites, followers of John Chrysostom of Constantinople, 201, 413; persecuted, 413, 414; excommunicated, 415.

374 John Baptist, head found, conveyed to Constantinople, and church built over it, 199, 391; miracles there, 393.

375 John, bishop of Constantinople, 196, 212; predictions of, 213, 409.

376 John, bishop of Jerusalem, 398.

377 John Chrysostom, see Chrysostom.

378 John, Egyptian ascetic, 365.

379 John, a Melitian bishop, 271, 275; exiled by Constantine, 280.

380 John, a monk of Thebais, 392; predicts death of Theodosius and of Eugenius, 392.

381 John, a Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

382 John, presbyter and monk, 366.

383 Joseph, husband of Mary, 343.

384 Josephus, the historian, witness of, to Christ, 239.

385 Jovian, 207, 209; proclaimed emperor, 347; restores privileges to Christians, 348; restores Athanasius, 349; death, 349.

386 Jovius, prefect of Italy, 423.

387 Julian, the apostate, edicts cause flight of Sozomen's family and of Alaphion's, 192; portents during reign, 205; infatuation, 206: murder of, defended, 209, 346; dread of him, 210; named Cæsar, 317; is proclaimed Augustus, and apostatises, 325, 326; family and education, 326; studies philosophy at Constantinople, 327; relations with Constantius, 327; reopens pagan temples, 328; refuses help to Nisibis, 328; subjects Majuma to Gaza, 328; withdraws immunities from clergy, 329; hatred of the church, 330; recalls Aetius, 330; compels rebuilding of Novatian church, 330; banishes Athanasius and Eleusius, 336; expels the clergy, 336; failure to reinstate paganism, 337; further efforts, 338; testimony to Christian benevolence, 338; letter to Arsacius, 338; artful measures against Christians, 339; forbids public education and Greek classics to Christians, 340; writes his "Aversion to Beards," 341; orders body of Babylas removed, 341; persecution resulting, 342; destroys a statue of Christ, 342; permits Jews to rebuild the Temple, 343; makes war on Persia, 345; insults Arsacius, King of Armenia, 345; death, 346; cause of his death, 346; his impiety, 347.

388 Julian, the Chaldaean, performs a miracle, 254.

389 Julian, governor of Egypt, 331; uncle of above, 331; horrible death, 332.

390 Julian, Syrian monk, 293.

391 Julius, bishop of Rome, absent from Nicene council, 253; rebukes bishops of East, secures reinstatement of Athanasius and Paul, 287; summons Athanasius to Rome, 288; replies to letter of bishops of council of Antioch, 288; appeals to Constans, 289; death, 304.

392 Julius, a deacon of Alexandria, and an Arian, 251.

393 Justina, revival of Arianism, 211; attempts to force its adoption by threats, 384; flees with Valentinian II. to Thessalonica, 384; death, 385.

394 Lagodius, a relative of the Emperor Honorius, 425.

395 Lazarus, a Syrian monk and bishop, 370, 371.

396 Leontius, bishop of Ancyra, 371; deprived Novatians of churches, 399; attends council which deposed Chrysostom, 412.

397 Leontius, bishop of Antioch, 298; succeeded by Eudoxius, 308.

398 Leontius, presbyter to Constantius, 308.

399 Libanius, the Syrian, 209, 356; teacher of Chrysostom, 399.

400 Liberius, bishop of Rome, 204, 207; succeeds Julius, 304; exiled by Constantius, 307; recalled, 309; receives Macedonian bishops, 352; death, 359.

401 Licinius, 241; persecutes Christians, 244; deceived by oracle, loses battle, and dies in Thessalonica, 244.

402 Literature upon Sozomen, 228- 231.

403 Logos, the, 239.

404 "Long Brothers," the, 368; incur enmity of Theophilus, 406; retire with other monks to Scythopolis, 407.

405 Lord's day, observed by Constantine, 245.

406 Lucianius, martyr of Nicomedia, 285.

407 Lucifer, founder of Luciferian heresy, 295; bishop of Cagliari, 335.

408 Lucius, bishop of Adrianople, deposed, lives in Rome, 287; reinstated, 300; again deposed; dies in prison, 301.

409 Lucius, presbyter of Alexandria, 349; made bishop by Arians, 357; attempts persecution of the ascetics, 358; reproached by Moses, 374; expelled, flees to Constantinople, 379.

410 Maares, Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

411 Macarius, bishop of Jerusalem, 241, 246; attends Nicene council, 253; discovers true cross, 259; chided by Constantine because of oak of Mamre, 261; succeeded by Maximus, 271.

412 Macarius, deacon of Alexandria, an Arian, 251.

413 Macarius, presbyter of Alexandria, 291, 358, 366.

414 Macarius, presbyter of Celliae, 207, 366.

415 Macarius Politicus, ascetic and presbyter, 291.

416 Macedonius, 198; church built by M., 199; candidate for bishopric, 284; gains possession, 288; ejected on return of Paul, 300; again seizes bishopric, persecutes Paulinists, 210, 301, 315; expelled by Acacians, 322; death, 322; heresy of, regarding the Holy Ghost, 322.

417 Macedonius, a Phrygian martyr, 334.

418 Macedonian heresy, 322; peculiarity, 336.

419 Macedonians, hold councils, 336; persecuted by Valens, 352; send embassy to Rome, 352; invited to council of Constantinople, but withdraw, 380; decline of, 398.

420 Magi, of Persia, malign the Christians, 264; stir up persecution, 265, 266.

421 Magnentius, usurps power of Constans, 301; defeated by Constantius, commits suicide, 304.

422 Magnus, treasurer under Valens, 357.

423 Majuma, seaport of Gaza, 195; dissention between Majuma and Gaza, 195, 198; sudden conversion of inhabitants, name changed to Constantia, 262; degraded by Julian, 328.

424 Malachion, a monk of Bethelia in Palestine, 191, 233; death, 193; miraculous disappearance and reappearance, 370.

425 Mammas, the martyr, 326.

426 Mamre, oak of, church built by Constantine under, 261.

427 Mania (Mavia), Phylarch of the Saracens, 374; succors Constantinople, 377.

428 Manichæans, not tolerated by Gratian, 377.

429 Manumission of slaves facilitated, 246.

430 Manuscripts of Sozomen, 225.

431 Marathonius, convent of, in Constantinople, 199, 315; made bishop of Nicomedia, 315; adopts heresy of Macedonius, 322.

432 Marcellinus, mention of story of Stephen, 224.

433 Marcellus, bishop of Ancyra, his doctrines, 281; deposed by Synod of Constantinople, 281; reinstated by Synod of Sardis, 282, 300; again deposed, 301.

434 Marcellus, bishop of Apamea, Syria, 386; death, 386.

435 Marcian, Macedonian bishop of Lampsacus, 380.

436 Marcian, Novatian presbyter of Constantinople, 352; becomes bishop, 384; regrets ordination of Sabbatius, 388; death, 398.

437 Marcian, singer and martyr of Constantinople, 301.

438 Marcionites, 280.

439 Mardonius, a eunuch, 391.

440 Mareas, Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

441 Marinus, succeeds Demophilus, superseded by Marinus, 385; heads the Psathyrians, 388.

442 Maris, bishop of Chalcedon, repudiates Arianism, 255; joins the Acacians, 319; boldness, 329.

443 Mark, bishop of Arethusa, 289, 308, 311; attends council of Sirmium, 302; compiles formulary, 317; martyrdom, 333.

444 Mark, bishop of Rome, succeeds Silvester, succeeded by Julius, 271.

445 Mark, a deposed presbyter, 275.

446 Mark, a monk, 207, 366.

447 Mark, proclaimed emperor by soldiers, soon afterwards slain, 425.

448 Marosas, monk of Persia, 371.

449 Martin, bishop of Tarracinæ, 294.

450 Martyrius, bishop of Marcianopolis, 382.

451 Martyrius, a physician, refuses diaconate, 382.

452 Martyrius, sub-deacon and martyr, 301.

453 Maruthas, causes death of Cyrinus, 409.

454 Mary, called mother of God, 343.

455 Matrona, guardian of head of John Baptist, 391.

456 Maximus, Alexandrian philosopher, 381; episcopal ordination of, declared invalid, 381.

457 Maximus, bishop of Jerusalem, 213, 246; succeeds Macarius, 271.

458 Maximus, bishop of Seleucia, 399; schoolfellow of Chrysostom, 399.

459 Maximus, bishop of Treves, deposed by Eastern bishops after schism of Sardica, 290.

460 Maximus, Ephesian philosopher, 327.

461 Maximus, usurper set up by Gerontius, 426.

462 Maximus, usurps Valentinian's throne, 384; death, 386.

463 Melas, bishop of Rhinocorura, 369.

464 Meletius, appointed by Acacians bishop of Sebaste, 322; translated to Antioch, 323; upholds Nicene doctrine, and is expelled, 323; returns to Antioch, 335; attends council of Antioch, 348; banished by Valens, 351; returns to Antioch, causing dissension, 378; attends council of Constantinople, 380; burial, 382.

465 Melitians, plead for Arius with Athanasius, 270; unite with the Arians, 271; views of, 272; traduce Athanasius before Constantine, but fail, 272; second attempt, which also fails, 273.

466 Melitius, bishop of Lycus, his heresy, 251; examined by council at Nicæa, power of ordination withdrawn, 256; nominates John as his successor, 271.

467 Menivolus, secretary to Justina, 384.

468 Meropius, journey to India, 274.

469 Method of Sozomen in composition, 213-217; chronological method, 215, 216.

470 Micah, relics of, discovered, 397.

471 Michælium, see Hestiæ.

472 Missions, 211.

473 Mithrium, scene of, riot, 331.

474 Mocius, Persian bishop and martyr, 267, 410.

475 Modestus, prefect of Antioch in Syria, 357.

476 Monasticism, 212; immoralities of, omitted, 213; praised, 216; philosophy, 233, 247; monastic life, 248, 369; origin of, attributed to John Baptist and Elias, the prophet, 248; among Hebrews, 248, 293; among Egyptians, 292; and Syrians, 293, 370; in Palestine, 369.

477 Monks, Syrian and Persian, 213; Egyptian, 248.

478 Montanism, 206.

479 Montanus, 270.

480 Moses, presbyter and monk of Scetis, 367; reproaches Lucius, 374; refuses ordination by latter, 374.

481 Mysteries, 245, 248.

482 Narcissus, bishop of Irenopolis, 289; deposed by Western bishops, 290; attacks Athanasius, 304.

483 Nectaria, deaconess, 321.

484 Nectarius, bishop of Constantinople, 364; election of, 204, 380; abolished office of commissioner of penance, 386; death, 399.

485 Neonas, bishop of Seleucia, deposed by Acacians, 321.

486 Nestabius, a martyr of Gaza, 332.

487 Nestor the Confessor, death of, 332.

488 Nestorianism, 201, 223.

489 Nestorius, bishop of Constantinople, 223.

490 Nicæa, in Bithynia, 205; council convened, 253.

491 Nicarete, a lady of Bithynia, 199; noble character of, 414.

492 Nicene creed, 207; adhered to by the West, 291.

493 Nicenism, geographical distribution of, 217, 291, 359; adherents take courage, 375.

494 Nicomedia, earthquake of, 205, 310.

495 Nicopolis, 343.

496 Nilammon, a monk of Gera, refuses bishopric, 411; death, 411.

497 Nitria, monastic life at, 369.

498 Nonnichia, wife of Gerontius, 426.

499 Novatians, church of, in Constantinople, 198; destroyed, 315; opposed by Sozomen, 206; refused restoration to excommunicated, 208, 256; separated from the church, 280; cause of their immunity from suppression, 281; church of, in Cyzicus demolished, 316; persecution by Macedonius, 316; observance of the Passover, 361; schismatic action, 361; Easter and Sabbatian disputes, 388; prosperity under Arcadius and Honorius, 398.

500 Novatius, doctrine of, 256, 361.

501 Olympias, a widow, 404; ordained deaconess by Nectarius, 405; rebuked by Chrysostom for unwise giving, 405; being persecuted, refuses to hold communion with Arsacius, and goes to Cyzicus, 415.

502 Origen, controversy, 206, 406-408; works of, 368; assailed by Theophilus and other bishops, 408.

503 Origen, a monk of Scetis, 368.

504 Origenists, definition of, 407.

505 Otreinus, bishop of Melitine, 382.

506 Otreus, bishop of Melitene, 353.

507 Pachomius, a Melitian bishop, 275.

508 Pachomius, a monk, sees an angel, 202.

509 Pachon, an ascetic of Scetis, 367.

510 Pagan worship interdicted, 244.

511 Palestine, the church in, 211.

512 Palladius, the historian, a source used by Sozomen, 223.

513 Pambo, Egyptian ascetic, 291, 358.

514 Pan, statue of, destroyed, 262.

515 Papas, Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

516 Paphnutius, the confessor, 246, 291; argues against enforced celibacy, 256.

517 Paschal, usages of Montanists, 206; controversy, 252; Hosius sent to settle it, 253; controversy decided at Nicæa, 286; how observed by Novatians, 361; Novatian and Sabbatian position, 389; usage of Pepuzites, 389.

518 Patrines, a Melitian presbyter, 273.

519 Patrophilus, bishop of Scythopolis, sides with Arius against Alexander, 252, but accepts decision of Nicene council, 255; charged by Eustathius with Arianism, 270; attends second council of Antioch, 280; deposed, 318.

520 Paul, bishop of Constantinople, 199; succeeds Alexander, 284; expelled, 284, 287; goes to Rome, 287; reinstated, 288; again ejected, 288; affirms Nicene doctrine, 291; again returns, 300; once more ejected and banished, dies in exile, 301; burial, 382.

521 Paul of Ferme, a monk, 367.

522 Paul of Jugatum, a Persian monk, 371.

523 Paul the Simple, disciple of Antony the Great, becomes an ascetic, 250.

524 Paulianians, a heretical sect, 280.

525 Paulinists, 358.

526 Paulinus, bishop of Antioch, divides see with Meletius, 378; death, 385.

527 Paulinus, bishop of Treves, defends Athanasius, 305.

528 Paulinus, bishop of Tyre, sides with Arius against Alexander, 252; charged by Eustathius with Arianism, 270.

529 Paulus, Persian bishop and martyr, 267.

530 Pelagius, bishop of Laodicea, 353, 382.

531 Penance, 338, 399; peculiar to the West, 386.

532 Persia, church of, 211; how established, 264; persecution under Sapor, 265; sixteen thousand names of martyrs known, 267.

533 Peter, Apocalypse of, 196.

534 Peter, appointed bishop of Alexandria by Athanasius, expels Arius, suffers martyrdom, 251, 257; deposed by Valens, 357; condemns Apolinarianism, 362; returns, 375.

535 Philip, prefect of Constantinople, 288.

536 Philippus of Side, a source of Sozomen's history, 223.

537 Philo Judæus, description of monks, 248.

538 Philostorgius, 209; a source of Sozomen's history, 222.

539 Photinus, bishop of Sirmium, heresy of, 302; is deposed, 303; followers not tolerated by Gratian, 377.

540 Photius, gives Sozomen's name, 233.

541 Phritigernes, a Gothic leader, 373.

542 Phrygians, a heretical sect, 280.

543 Phuscon, a monk of Bethelia in Palestine, 191, 233, 370.

544 Piammon, presbyter and monk, sees an angel, 202, 366.

545 Pior, an Egyptian monk, 367.

546 Piturion, 291.

547 Placetus, bishop of Antioch, succeeded Euphronius, 285, 298.

548 Plagiarism of Sozomen, from Socrates, 221.

549 Plato, 274.

550 Plinthus, reconciles Arian factions, 388.

551 Plusian, a bishop, 275.

552 Polemics, deleterious, 207.

553 Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna, 390.

554 Polychronius, a presbyter, aids Pulcheria in discovery of tomb of Forty Martyrs, 420.

555 Pontus, 356.

556 Porphyry, succeeds Flavian as bishop of Antioch, 415; persecutes Johannists, 415.

557 Prapidius, a rural bishop, 371.

558 Primacy of Rome, 209.

559 Prisciallianists, 206.

560 Private judgment, 206.

561 Proærssius, a sophist of Athens, 356.

562 Probatius, eunuch under Jovian, 349.

563 Probianus, a physician, miraculously cured, and becomes a Christian, 260.

564 Proclus, bishop of Constantinople, 201, 224.

565 Procopius, revolts against Valens, defeated, 351.

566 Protogenes, bishop of Sardica, deposed by Eastern bishops, 290; expands Nicene creed, 290.

567 Protogenes, a Syrian monk, 370; succeeded Vitus as bishop of Carræ, 370.

568 Psathyrians, an Arian sect, 388.

569 Pulcheria, sister of Theodosus the Younger, 196, 204; marries Marcian, 200; previous vow of virginity, 201; opposed Eutychianism, 201; is protector of the emperor, 205, 419; opposed free thought, 206, 223; inclined to asceticism, 212; excellent character, 224, 419, 421; discovers tomb of the Forty Martyrs, 421.

570 Purification, of Hercules and Greeks, after crime, 243.

571 Pusices, a Persian martyr, 266.

572 Putubastus, 291; "Putubatus," 368.

573 Quadragesima, 412.

574 Quartodecimarians, 206, 389.

575 Quintianus, ordained bishop of Gaza, 287; repudiated by Western bishops, 290.

576 Relic worship, 208.

577 Rhinocorura, monastic life at, 369.

578 Rhodanus [or Rhodanius], bishop of Toulouse, 305.

579 Romanus, bishop of Antioch, 241.

580 Rome, sack of, under Alaric, 424; incidents during the sack, 425.

581 Rufinus, the historian, one of Sozomen's sources, 222.

582 Sabbatians, origin and doctrines, 388; difficulties of their theory, 389.

583 Sabbatius, Arian presbyter, originates Sabbatian heresy, 388.

584 Sabellian heresy, 335.

585 Sabellius, 270.

586 Sabinus, the historian, a source of Sozomen's history, 223.

587 Sacraments, as mysteries, 207.

588 St. Euphemia, church of, in Chalcedon, 199.

589 St. Michael, Archangel, church of, at Hestiæ, 196, 198.

590 St. Stephen, church of, at Constantinople, 199; erected by Novatians, 414.

591 St. Thyrsus, 196; church of, 199, 420.

592 Salamines [also Salamanus], a monk of Bethelia, in Palestine, 191; 370; brother to Fuscon and Crispian, 233, 408.

593 Sallust, the historian, 206.

594 Sallust, prætorian prefect, 342.

595 Sapor, king of Persia, persecutes the Christians, 264; subsequently applies order only to the leaders, 266; sends embassy to Constantine, 268.

596 Saracens, 374; derived from Ishmael, 375; customs, 375; converted to Christianity, 375.

597 Sarmates, presbyter of Alexandria, becomes an Arian, 251.

598 Sarmatians, revolt against Valentinian, but submit, 372.

599 Schism of Sardica, 289; Eastern bishops depose Julius, 289, and Hosius, also Maximus of Treves, and Protogenes, and Gaudentius of Sardica, 290; Western bishops depose Theodore, Narcissus, etc., 290; adhere to Nicene faith, 291.

600 Sciri, slaves in Asia Minor, 197, 201, 422.

601 Scitis, a town of Egypt, 250.

602 Scriptures, the, interpreted by the Θεωρία, 205.

603 Scythians, attacked by Valens, 375; assail Constantinople, 377.

604 Scythopolis, refuge of Egyptian monks, 198, 407.

605 Secundus, bishop of Ptolemais, accepts decree of Nicene council, 255.

606 Secundus, prætorian prefect, 348.

607 Selinus, a bishop of the Goths, becomes a Psathyrian, 388.

608 Sepulchre discovered, 258.

609 Serapion, bishop of Thumis, 213, 294; defends Athanasius, 305.

610 Serapion, an Egyptian monk, 365; archdeacon of Chrysostom, 404; unruly in temper, causes trouble to Chrysostom, 404, 405; made bishop of Heraclea, 412.

611 Serapion, a temple of Alexandria, 385; converted into a church, 386.

612 Severianus, 213; bishop of Gabali, 405; offends Chrysostom, 405; acts with the latter's opponents, 409; arouses resentment of Constantinopolitans, 410; flees, 411.

613 Sibyl, predicted Christ's coming, 239.

614 Sigesarius, bishop of the Goths, 424.

615 Silvanus, bishop of Tarsus, deposed by Acacians, 321; opposes Nicene doctrines, 348; but afterward accepts them, 352.

616 Silvester, bishop of Rome, 241; succeeded by Mark, 271.

617 Simeon, Syrian monk, 293.

618 Siricius, succeeds Damasus as bishop of Rome, 398; death, 415.

619 Sisinius, deputy of Agelius, 382; afterward bishop of Novatians at Constantinople, 382, 398; personal character, 398; dream of, concerning Eutropius the reader, 414.

620 Socrates, the historian, 207; relation of his work to that of Sozomen, 221.

621 Solon, bishop of Rhinocorura, 369.

622 Sopater, 242.

623 Sophia, church of, founded by Constantine, 198, 322; dedicated by Constantius, 198.

624 Sophronius, bishop of Pompeiopolis, deposed by Acacius, 321; accepts Macedonian doctrines, 336; opposes Nicene doctrines, 348.

625 Sotadus, 255.

626 Sozomen, Salaminius Hermas, life, 191-199; origin and order of the name, 191, 233; born near Bethelia, 191, 233, 337; not a Jew, 192; grandfather a Christian, 192, 233; converted by Hilarion, 233, 337; S. born, 370-380; educated at Gaza, 234; by monks, 193, 233; hence his high estimate of monastic life, 193, 233; not a monk, 193; knew Greek and Syriac, and used Syrian records of Persian church, 193; probably also knew Latin, 194; general scholarship narrow, 194-195; religious affiliations Nicene, but not critical, 195; studied law at Berytus, 234, 235; became a civil and ecclesiastical lawyer, 196, 233; at Constantinople, c. a.d. 406, 196; careful in statement of ecclesiastical legislation, 196; illiberal in policy toward the Persians, Arians, and Pagans, 197; pietistic, 197; defended Chrysostom, 197; knowledge of Palestine, 197; of Arabia, Cyprus, Alexandria, Antioch, and Edessa, 197; and of Constantinople, 199; S. as author, 199-225; his epitome lost, 200, 234; his history, written between a.d. 443 and 448, 201, 202; its objects, 201-213; (1) to present facts, 201; (2) to prove (a) divine origin of Christianity, 202; (3) (b) Providence promoting Christianity, 203; his efforts to this end absurd, 203; and biased, 204; (4) to prove Catholic orthodoxy, 205; hence apologizes for Constantine, 209; (5) to trace extension of Christianity, 211; (6) to dignify monasticism, 212; (7) to give secular history; (8) to develop historically legislation favorable to church, 213; his method, 213-217; (1) acknowledges limitations, (2) research (a) personal knowledge, (b) personal inquiry, (c) knowledge at secondhand, 213; (d) correction of falsehoods, (e) use of πυνθάνομαι, (f) and ἀκριβόω, (g) and documents, 214; (3) textual, and (4) analytical criticism lacking, (5) interprets events by (a) criticism of facts, 214, (b) using history ethically, (c) suggesting motives, (d) apologizing for favorites, (e) yielding to personal feeling, (f) pragmatic deduction, (g) centralizing prominent figures, (h) dwelling on human nature, (i) explaining away faults of the orthodox, and (j) speculating, 215; (6) chronological method, (a) imperial reigns his epochs, and (b) uses consulates as reference dates, 215; (7) geographical contributions, 215; names mostly Hebrew or Syrian, 215; (8) statistics unmethodical, (9) biography abundant, and fair, (10) ecclesiastical culture indirectly treated; (11) no systematic treatment of dogmatics and ethics, 216; (12) his knowledge of Christian literature incomplete, (13) treatment unphilosophical, (14) general style good and summaries excellent, 217. The period covered, presumptively a.d. 323-439, 217; but really only to a.d. 437, viz. Constantine to Theodosius II., 218; grouping of books by twos, 218. For whom he wrote; not merely for monks, nor for the learned, but for Christians generally, 218. His sources, I., those mentioned by S., 218-220; II., those unmentioned, 221-223; main authorities not indicated, 221; (1) relations to Socrates' history: three views, (a) Sozomen plagiarized (untenable), 221; (probable), 234; (b) both used same authorities independently (untenable), (c) Sozomen followed Socrates' lead to authorities (probable), 221, 222; (2) Rufinus, (3) Eusebius' Life of Constantine, (4) Athanasius, (5) Philostorgius, 222; (6) Sabinus, (7) Philippus of Side, (8) codices Gregorianus, Hermogianus, and Theodosianus, (9) Basil, (10) Gregory Nazianzen, (11) Sulpicius Severus, (12) Palladius, 223; stated by himself, 240. The ninth book, change in method, deals with the West, 223; unfinished, (a) intention not carried out, (b) Nestorianism not delineated, (c) events anticipated, narration uncompleted, 223; (d) ecclesiastical matters barely touched, (e) Stephen's story promised, but not given, (f, g) close abrupt, 224; conclusion not lost, abrupt close due to author's death, 224. By whom used, (a) Epiphanius Scholasticus, (b) Liberatus, (c) Theophanes, (d) Theodorus Lector, Nicephorus Callistus, 224, 225; errors numerous, 225.

627 Spyridon, bishop of Trimythum, story of, 246; rebukes Triphyllius, 247.

628 Stephen, ascetic of Mareotis, 367.

629 Stephen, bishop of Antioch, deposed, 298.

630 Stephen the Martyr, relics discovered, 224.

631 Stilicho, general under Honorius, plots against the empire, 421; slain by soldiers, 421.

632 Sulpicius Severus, a source of Sozomen's history, 223.

633 Symeon, archbishop of Seleucia and Ctesiphon, arrested by Sapor, 264; is beheaded, 265.

634 Synod, see Council.

635 Tabenna, island of Egypt, home of the Tabennesian monks, 292.

636 Tabennesian monks, origin and mode of life, 291.

637 Tarbula, sister of Symeon, martyrdom of, 266.

638 Tatian, a Phrygian martyr, 334.

639 Terentius, bishop of Tomi, 382.

640 Textual criticism of Sozomen, 227.

641 Themistius, philosopher, 211, 372.

642 Theoctistus, gives name to the Psathyrians, 388.

643 Theodore, bishop of Heraclea, 284; attends second council of Antioch, 285; goes to Rome, 289; repudiated by bishops of the West, 290; attacks Athanasius, 304.

644 Theodore, bishop of Mopsuestia, 399; schoolfellow of Chrysostom, 399.

645 Theodore the Confessor, of Antioch, 342.

646 Theodore, disciple of Ammon, in Egypt, 250.

647 Theodore, military officer, executed at order of Valens, 372.

648 Theodoritus, presbyter of Antioch, 331.

649 Theodosiolus, a relative of the Emperor Honorius, 425.

650 Theodosius the Great, 324, 332; built temple over head of John Baptist, 199, 391; character according to Sozomen, 200; literary eulogium on, 200; self-controlled and peaceful, 200; sees apparition of Martyr Basiliscus, 202; suppresses heresy and paganism, 209; address to, 236-238; associated with Gratian, 377; baptized, 378; gives title "Catholic Church" to the orthodox, 378; orders Demophilus to renounce Arianism, 379; attempts unification of church, 382; opposes Maximus and avenges Gratian, 384; orders pagan temples of Alexandria demolished, 285; excludes women under sixty years of age from ministry, 387; banishes Eunomius, 387; consults John of Thebais, 392; exacts tribute of Antioch in Syria, 392; declares Honorius emperor, defeats Eugenius, 393; reproached by Ambrose--the cause, 394; death, 397.

651 Theodosius the Younger, 205; succeeds Arcadius, 419.

652 Theodotus, Arian bishop of Laodicea, 362; ejects, but reinstates, Apolinarius, father and son, 362.

653 Theodulus, a Phrygian martyr, 334.

654 Theognis, bishop of province of Bithynia, favors Arianism, 293.

655 Theognis, bishop of Nicæa, repudiates Arian doctrines, 255; deposed, 255; regains bishopric, 268.

656 Theonas, an Egyptian ascetic, 365.

657 Theophanes, mentions Stephen, 224.

658 Theophilus, bishop of Alexandria, 212, 385, 398; opposes ordination of Chrysostom at Constantinople, 400; instance of sharp dealing, 400; unites with Chrysostom to unite churches of East and West, 400; maintains incorporeality of God, 406; but by sophistry deceives the people, 406; becomes hostile to "Long Brothers" and to Isidore, 406; complains of them and the eighty monks to Chrysostom, 407; returns no answer to latter's letter, 407; by double dealing enlists Epiphanius on his side, attempts to oust Chrysostom, 407; writes against books of Origen, 408; goes to Chalcedon in crusade against Chrysostom, 409; secures dethronement of Chrysostom at Ruffinianæ, 409; after a cold reception at Constantinople, 409; causes strife at Constantinople, 411; flees, and visits Gera, where he attempts to ordain a bishop, 411.

659 Theophilus, bishop of Eleutheropolis and of Castabala, 321; accepts Nicene doctrines, 352.

660 Theophilus of Ohn, 211.

661 Theophronius, author of Eunomianism, 363, 387.

662 Theotimus, bishop of Tomi, performs a miracle, 395; opposes Epiphanius in attack on Chrysostom, 408.

663 Theotokos, Nestorian view of, opposed by Sozomen, 206.

664 Thyrsus the Martyr, aids Pulcheria to discover tomb of the Forty Martyrs, 420.

665 Tigrius, presbyter of Constantinople, persecuted by opponents of Chrysostom, 415.

666 Timothy, presbyter of Alexandria, 275; bishop, 366; biographer of monastics, 366; death, 385.

667 Titus, bishop of Bostra, 294, 337.

668 Tomi, capital of Scythia, 359.

669 Translations of Sozomen, 227, 228.

670 Trinity, 335, 378, 398.

671 True cross, found on Calvary, cures sick, restores dead to life, 259.

672 Tryphillius, bishop of Berytus, 196; rebuked by Spyridon, 247.

673 Uldis, overthrow of, 197, 201, 422.

674 Ulfilas (or Ulphilas), bishop of the Goths, 319; becomes an Arian for state reasons, 373.

675 Ulphilas, a general of Honorius, 426.

676 Uranius, bishop of Tyre, deposed, 318.

677 Ursacius, bishop of Sigidunus, deposed by Western bishops, 290; Arian tendencies of, 291; acknowledges falsity of charges against Athanasius, 300; attempts to force Aetianism on council of Ariminum, 312; but fails, 313.

678 Ursacius, schismatic bishop of Rome, 359.

679 Uzthazanes, a eunuch, suffers martyrdom, 265.

680 Valens, Emperor, portents during reign, 205, 209; compared with Valentinian, 217, 349; proclaimed Emperor by brother, 350; Arian in doctrine, 350; adopts Eudoxian views, 351; defeats Procopius, 351; persecutes Nicene adherents and Novatians, 351, 352; and Macedonians, 352; prohibits council at Tarsus, 353; orders orthodox bishops ejected, 353; permits return of Athanasius, 354; massacres deputation of orthodox Christians, 355; purposes further injury of the orthodox, 355; persecutes the orthodox of Syrian Antioch, 356; banishes and recalls Vetranio, 359; incensed at use of divination to learn his successor's name, 371; hears oration of Themistius, 372; becomes more humane, 373; angered by Constantinopolitans, makes war on the Scythians, 375; death predicted by monk Isaac, 376; death, 376.

681 Valens, bishop of Mursia, deposed by bishops of the West, 290; Arian tendencies, 291; acknowledges falsity of accusations against Athanasius, 300; favors Aetian heresy, 312; but fails to force it on council of Ariminum, 313; gains Constantius, 314; persecutes Nicene adherents, 315; calls his formulary the Nicene, 315.

682 Valentian, two Syrian monks, 371.

683 Valentinian I., emperor, 217, 349; proclaimed emperor, 349; banishment under Julian, 350; proclaims Gratian emperor, 352; supports Nicene doctrines, 359; dies in a fit of rage, 372.

684 Valentinian II., proclaimed Emperor of the West, 372; flees from Italy on approach of Maximus, 384; death, 392.

685 Valentinian III., succeeds Honorius, 427.

686 Valentinians, 206; a separate sect, 280.

687 Valesius, prefatory remarks, 233, 234.

688 Venus, temple of, at Aphaca destroyed, 262.

689 Verinian, a relative of the Emperor Honorius, 425.

690 Vetranio, bishop of the Scythians, 359; banished and recalled by Valens, 359.

691 Vetranius, conspires against Constantius, 301; is betrayed and retires, 302.

692 Vicentius, presbyter of Rome, attends Nicene council, 253.

693 Victor, bishop of Rome, paschal controversy with Polycarp of Smyrna, 390.

694 Vincent, a presbyter, guardian of relics of John Baptist, 391; renounces Macedonian tenets, 391.

695 Virgin Mary, perpetual virginity of, 239.

696 Vitalius, presbyter of Antioch, 362; became Apolinarian bishop of Antioch, 362.

697 Vito, presbyter of Rome, attends Nicene council, 253.

698 Vitus, bishop of Carræ, 370.

699 Western Christians, 241.

700 Western church, and schism of Sardica, 290, 291; adheres to Nicene doctrines, 360.

701 Word, see Logos.

702 Zachariah (Zechariah), the prophet, finding of body of, 198, 224, 427; prophecy of "the bit of the horse," 259.

703 Zacharias (or Zechariah), president of a monastery at Gerari, 370, 427.

704 Zeno, bishop of Majuma, 195; murder of, 209, 332.

705 Zeno, bishop of Tyre, 353.

706 Zeno, cousin of above, 332.

707 Zeno, monk of Majuma, afterwards bishop of Botolium, 396.

708 Zeno, a monk of Nisibis, 370.

709 Zocomus, a monk of Majuma, afterwards bishop of Botolium, 396.