4 Maccabees 6

When Eleazar had in this manner answered the exhortations of the tyrant, the spearbearers came up, and rudely haled Eleazar to the instruments of torture.

Τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον ἀντιρρητορεύσαντα ταῖς τοῦ τυράννου παρηγορίαις, παραστάντες οἱ δορυφόροι πικρῶς ἔσυραν ἐπὶ τὰ βασανιστήρια τὸν ᾿Ελεάζαρον.

And first, they stripped the old man, adorned as he was with the comeliness of piety.

καὶ πρῶτον μὲν περιέδυσαν τὸν γηραιὸν ἐγκοσμούμενον τῇ περὶ τὴν εὐσέβειαν εὐσχημοσύνῃ·

Then tying back his arms and hands, they disdainfully used him with stripes;

ἔπειτα περιαγκωνίσαντες ἑκατέρωθεν μάστιξι κατῄκιζον·

a herald opposite crying out, Obey the commands of the king.

πείσθητι ταῖς τοῦ βασιλέως ἐντολαῖς, ἑτέρωθεν κήρυκος ἐπιβοῶντος.

But Eleazar, the high-minded and truly noble, as one tortured in a dream, regarded it not all.

ὁ δὲ μεγαλόφρων καὶ εὐγενὴς ὡς ἀληθῶς ᾿Ελεάζαρος, ὥσπερ ἐν ὀνείρῳ βασανιζόμενος κατ’ οὐδένα τρόπον μετετρέπετο,

But raising his eyes on high to heaven, the old man’s flesh was stripped off by the scourges, and his blood streamed down, and his sides were pierced through.

ἀλλὰ ὑψηλοὺς ἀνατείνας εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἀπεξαίνετο ταῖς μάστιξι τὰς σάρκας ὁ γέρων καὶ κατερρεῖτο τῷ αἵματι

And falling upon the ground, from his body having no power to support the pains, he yet kept his reasoning upright and unbending.

καὶ τὰ πλευρὰ κατετιτρώσκετο, καὶ πίπτων εἰς τὸ ἔδαφος ἀπὸ τοῦ μηκέτι φέρειν τὸ σῶμα τὰς ἀλγηδόνας, ὀρθὸν εἶχε καὶ ἀκλινῆ τὸν λογισμόν.

then one of the harsh spearbearers leaped upon his belly as he was falling, to force him upright.

Λὰξ γέ τοι τῶν πικρῶν τις δορυφόρων εἰς τοὺς κενεῶνας ἐναλλόμενος ἔτυπτεν, ὅπως ἐξανίσταιτο πίπτων.

But he endured the pains, and despised the cruelty, and persevered through the indignities;

ὁ δὲ ὑπέμεινε τοὺς πόνους καὶ περιεφρόνει τῆς ἀνάγκης

and like a noble athlete, the old man, when struck, vanquished his torturers.

καὶ διεκαρτέρει τοὺς αἰκισμούς, καὶ καθάπερ γενναῖος ἀθλητὴς τυπτόμενος ἐνίκα τοὺς βασανίζοντας ὁ γέρων·

His countenance sweating, and he panting for breath, he was admired by the very torturers for his courage.

ἱδρῶν γέ τοι τὸ πρόσωπον καὶ ἐπασθμαίνων σφοδρῶς καὶ ὑπ’ αὐτῶν τῶν βασανιζόντων ἐθαυμάζετο ἐπὶ τῇ εὐψυχίᾳ. -

Wherefore, partly in pity for his old age,

῞Οθεν τὰ μὲν ἐλεοῦντες τὰ τοῦ γήρως αὐτοῦ,

partly from the sympathy of acquaintance, and partly in admiration of his endurance, some of the attendants of the king said, Why do you unreasonably destroy yourself, O Eleazar, with these miseries?

τὰ δὲ ἐν συμπαθείᾳ τῆς συνηθείας ὄντες, τὰ δὲ ἐν θαυμασμῷ τῆς καρτερίας προσιόντες αὐτῷ τινὲς τῶν τοῦ βασιλέως ἔλεγον·

We will bring you some meat cooked by yourself, and do you save yourself by pretending that you have eaten swine’s flesh.

ἡμεῖς μέν τοι τῶν ὑψημένων σοι βρωμάτων παραθήσομεν, σὺ δὲ ὑποκρινόμενος τῶν ὑείων ἀπογεύεσθαι, σώθητι. -

And Eleazar, as though the advice more painfully tortured him, cried out,

Καὶ ὁ ᾿Ελεάζαρος, ὥσπερ πικρότερον διὰ τῆς συμβουλίας αἰκισθείς, ἀνεβόησε·

Let not us who are children of Abraham be so evil advised as by giving way to make use of an unbecoming pretence;

μὴ οὕτως κακῶς φρονήσαιμεν οἱ ῾Αβραὰμ παῖδες ὥστε μαλακοψυχήσαντας ἀπρεπὲς ἡμῖν δρᾶμα ὑποκρίνασθαι.

for it were irrational, if having lived up to old age in all truth, and having scrupulously guarded our character for it, we should now turn back,

καὶ γὰρ ἀλόγιστον, εἰ πρὸς ἀλήθειαν ζήσαντες τὸν μέχρι γήρως βίον καὶ τὴν ἐπ’ αὐτῷ δόξαν νομίμως φυλάξαντες,

and ourselves should become a pattern of impiety to the young, as being an example of pollution eating.

νῦν μεταβαλοίμεθα καὶ αὐτοὶ μὲν ἡμεῖς γενοίμεθα τοῖς νέοις ἀσεβείας τύπος, ἵνα παράδειγμα γενώμεθα τῆς μιαροφαγίας.

It would be disgraceful if we should live on some short time, and that scorned by all men for cowardice,

αἰσχρὸν δὲ εἰ ἐπιβιώσωμεν ὀλίγον χρόνον καὶ τοῦτον καταγελώμενοι πρὸς ἁπάντων ἐπὶ δειλίᾳ,

and be condemned by the tyrant for unmanliness, by not contending to the death for our divine law.

καὶ ὑπὸ μὲν τοῦ τυράννου καταφρονηθῶμεν ὡς ἄνανδροι, τὸν δὲ θεῖον ἡμῶν νόμον μέχρι θανάτου μὴ προασπίσαιμεν.

Wherefore do you, O children of Abraham, die nobly for your religion.

πρός ταῦτα ὑμεῖς μέν, ᾦ ῾Αβραὰμ παῖδες, εὐγενῶς ὑπὲρ τῆς εὐσεβείας τελευτᾶτε.

Ye spearbearers of the tyrant, why do ye linger?

οἱ δὲ τοῦ τυράννου δορυφόροι, τί μέλλετε; -

Beholding him so high-minded against misery, and not changing at their pity, they led him to the fire:

Πρὸς τὰς ἀνάγκας οὕτως μεγαλοφρονοῦντα αὐτὸν ἰδόντες καὶ μηδὲ πρὸς τὸν οἰκτριρμὸν αὐτῶν μεταβαλλόμενον ἐπὶ τὸ πῦρ αὐτὸν ἤγαγον.

then with their wickedly-contrived instruments they burnt him on the fire, and poured stinking fluids down into his nostrils.

ἔνθα διὰ κακοτέχνων ὀργάνων καταφλέγοντες αὐτὸν ὑπέρριπτον καὶ δυσώδεις χυλοὺς εἰς τοὺς μυκτῆρας αὐτοῦ κατέχεον.

And he being at length burnt down to the bones, and about to expire, raised his eyes Godward, and said,

ὁ δὲ μέχρι τῶν ὀστέων ἤδη κατακεκαυμένος καὶ μέλλων λιποθυμεῖν ἀνέτεινε τά ὄμματα πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν καὶ εἶπεν·

Thou knowest, O God, that when I might have been saved, I am slain for the sake of the law by tortures of fire.

σὺ οἶσθα, Θεέ, παρόν μοι σῴζεσθαι, βασάνοις καυστικαῖς ἀποθνήσκω διὰ τὸν νόμον.

Be merciful to thy people, and be satisfied with the punishment of me on their account.

τοιγαροῦν ἵλεως γενοῦ τῷ ἔθνει σου ἀρκεσθεὶς τῇ ἡμετέρᾳ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν δίκῃ.

Let my blood be a purification for them, and take my life in recompense for theirs.

καθάρσιον αὐτῶν ποίησον τὸ ἐμὸν αἷμα καὶ ἀντίψυχον αὐτῶν λαβὲ τὴν ἐμὴν ψυχήν.

Thus speaking, the holy man departed, noble in his torments, and even to the agonies of death resisted in his reasoning for the sake of the law.

καὶ ταῦτα εἰπὼν ὁ ἱερὸς ἀνὴρ εὐγενῶς ταῖς βασάνοις ἐναπέθανε

Confessedly, therefore, religious reasoning is master of the passions.

καὶ μέχρι τῶν τοῦ θανάτου βασάνων ἀντέστη τῷ λογισμῷ διὰ τὸν νόμον. - ῾Ομολογουμένως οὖν δεσπότης ἐστὶ τῶν παθῶν ὁ εὐσεβὴς λογισμός.

For had the passions been superior to reasoning, I would have given them the witness of this mastery.

εἰ γὰρ τὰ πάθη τοῦ λογισμοῦ κεκρατήκει, τούτοις ἂν ἀπέδομεν τὴν τῆς ἐπικρατείας μαρτυρίαν·

But now, since reasoning conquered the passions, we befittingly awarded it the authority of first place.

νυνὶ δὲ τοῦ λογισμοῦ τὰ πάθη νικήσαντος, αὐτῷ προσηκόντως τὴν τῆς ἡγεμονίας προσνέμομεν ἐξουσίαν.

And it is but fair that we should allow, that the power belongs to reasoning, since it masters external miseries.

καὶ δίκαιόν ἐστιν ὁμολογεῖν ἡμᾶς τὸ κράτος εἶναι τοῦ λογισμοῦ. ὅπου γε καὶ τῶν ἔξωθεν ἀλγηδόνων ἐπικρατεῖ,

Ridiculous would it be were it not so; and I prove that reasoning has not only mastered pains, but that it is also superior to the pleasures, and withstands them.

ἐπεὶ καὶ γελοῖον· καὶ οὐ μόνον τῶν ἀλγηδόνων ἐπιδείκνυμι κεκρατηκέναι τὸν λογισμόν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἡδονῶν κρατεῖν, καὶ μηδὲν αὐταῖς ὑπείκειν.